What does the term "schema" refer to in educational contexts?

In educational contexts, the term "schema" refers to a framework for organizing and interpreting information. Schemas are cognitive structures that help individuals understand and make sense of their experiences. They act as mental models that store knowledge, guiding how new information is processed and integrated based on prior knowledge.

When learners encounter new information, they relate it to existing schemas, which can facilitate comprehension and retention. For example, a schema for "dog" might include characteristics like fur, barking, and being a pet. When a child learns about a new breed of dog, they can fit that new information into their existing schema, making it easier to understand and remember.

This concept is crucial in education, as it underscores the importance of connecting new knowledge with what students already know, helping them to build deeper understanding. Developing and activating schemas can lead to more effective learning experiences, allowing educators to create lessons that resonate with students and support their cognitive development.